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187 lines
7.1 KiB
187 lines
7.1 KiB
# Video
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Video is an electronic medium of visual media.
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This entry will mostly be focused on movies, tv shows an other media such as
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[YouTube](/wiki/youtube.md) aswell as its metadata.
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For webcams navigate to the [webcams entry](/wiki/webcams.md).
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It is nice to have some movies, tv shows or other videos saved on your system.
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There are multiple different approaches on how to get it working depending on
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your needs.
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In general you need to consider if you want the video directly on your pc or
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access a server for it.
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## Server/Client
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If you want to keep your system clean of much data, you can use this kind of setup.
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There are differences depending on your preffered client interface.
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- [Plex](https://www.plex.tv) is a dockerizable media streaming service with web-interface.
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- [Jellyfin](./jellyfin.md) is a foss dockerizable media streaming service with web-interface.
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## Scan DVDs/Blu-Rays
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You can convert your DVDs and Blu-Rays to files on your computer.
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This way you don't have to search for your discs all the time.
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- [MakeMKV](https://www.makemkv.com) for windows can extract a `.mkv` file from
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a disc (Beta key can be found
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[here](https://www.makemkv.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=1053)).
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On Linux it is possible that the drive is not detected in MakeMKV.
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To fix this issue run the following lines and reboot afterwards.
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```
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su
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echo sg > /etc/modules-load.d/sg.conf
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```
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MakeMKV can be obtained over different ways. One of them is flatpack in which
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you start MakeMKV via `flatpak run com.makemkv.MakeMKV` after installation.
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- [MKS Extractor GUI](https://www.videohelp.vom/software/MKS-Extractor-GUI)
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for windows can extract subtitles from a `.mkv` file.
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- [Subtitleedit](https://www.nikse.dk/subtitleedit)) for linux can extract subtitles from a `.mkv`
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file and do ocr.
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- [VidCoder](https://vidcoder.net) for windows can compress video files. Its an adapted version of
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the HandBrake software.
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- [HandBrake](handbrake.md) is an open-source and multi-platform program that can compress video
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files.
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## Naming schemes of movies and TV shows
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This section describes how to name and how to place movies and TV shows and
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their extras in the directories correctly to get [jellyfin](./jellyfin.md) and
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other software media systems to recognize them.
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In
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[the jellyfin tv shows documentation](https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/server/media/shows.html)
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and
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[the jellyfin movie documentation](https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/server/media/movies.html)
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are sections on how to name files correctly.
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This entry uses the conventions based in the documentation and introduces
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slight changes to indicate different versions and encodings more precisely.
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### Handling movies or episodes consisting of multiple video files
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Some software media systems do not have the capability to seamlessly transition
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between multiple files of a movie or episode.
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The easiest way to achieve a seamless movie experience is to concatenate the
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two movie files.
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This can be easily done with
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[ffmpeg](./linux/ffmpeg.md#concatenate-multiple-video-files-with-matching-audio-tracks).
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### Naming Subtitles of movies or tv shows
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Subtitles can be written into video files.
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If that is the case an additional naming of the file is not needed.
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This section especially targets `.srt` files but the naming conventions
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translate to other file types aswell.
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Files containing subtitles are named the same as the video file they relate to
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The only difference is the file extension.
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After the name of the file the language of the subtitles is indicated by the
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two-letter language code specified by
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[ISO 639-1](https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=255291).
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For example `.en` is added to specify the english language.
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After that `.forced` can be added, if the subtitles are forced.
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Lastly the file extension `.srt` is appended.
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The complete subtitle file look like this:
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`movie_(1234)_-_brd_uu.en.forced.srt`.
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Additionally to indicate the encoding and source can be indicated before the
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file extension.
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`brd` for Blu-ray disc, `dvd` for digital versatile disc.
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This is followed by an encoding indicator starting with `u` and followed by
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your own scheme for encodings.
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### Naming extras
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The following list are set expressions for extras of movies and tv shows.
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These will be used in the following sections on how to name
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[movies](#naming-movies) and
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[tv shows](#naming-tv-shows).
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For the exact use of them look into these sections.
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- `extras` (generic catch all for extras of an unknown type)
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- `featurettes`
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- `interviews`
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- `samples`
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- `scenes`
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- `shorts`
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- `trailers`
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### Naming movies
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In the following slight changes are made to ensure better naming schemes.
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Different versions of the same movie can be stored in the same folder with
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slightly different names to indicate the specific version.
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Inside the movie folder you can create subfolders with names according to the
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expressions for extras from the [extras section](#naming-extras).
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The `movies` folder is a folder containing all movies.
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An example looks like the following:
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```
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movies
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└── best_movie_ever_(2019)
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├── best_movie_ever_(2019)-brd_uu.mp4
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├── best_movie_ever_(2019)-brd_uu.en.forced.srt
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├── best_movie_ever_(2019)-dvd_u1.mp4
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├── best_movie_ever_(2019)-brd_u1.en.srt
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├── best_movie_ever_(2019)-brd_un_directors_cut.mp4
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├── behind_the_scenes
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├── interviews
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│ └── director_interview-brd_u1.mp4
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└── extras
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├── making_of-brd_uu.mp4
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├── making_of-brd_u1.en.srt
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├── finding_the_right_score-dvd_u1.mp4
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└── home_recreation-brd_u2.mp4
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```
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Another way to keep extras in the main folder of the movie is by adding the
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following suffixes to the files accordingly:
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### Naming TV shows
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Inside the shows folder you can create the `season_00` folder as a directory
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for extras.
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Files containing multiple episodes at once are named by specifying the first
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and last episode they include `s01e01-e02`.
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Because of the heavily varying the titles of the episodes are not included.
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Specify the extras inside the `season_0` folder with the expressions from
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[the extras section](#naming-extras).
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The `shows` folder is a folder containing all tv shows.
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An example looks like the following.
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```
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shows
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└── series_(2010)
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├── season_0
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│ ├── behind_the_scenes-brd_uu.mkv
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│ ├── interview-brd_uu.mkv
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│ └── featurette-dvd_un.mkv
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│
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├── season_1
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│ ├── series_(2010)_s01e01-e02-dvd_un.mkv
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│ ├── series_(2010)_s01e01-e02-dvd_un.de.srt
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│ ├── series_(2010)_s01e03-brd_un.mkv
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│ ├── series_(2010)_s01e03-brd_un.de.forced.srt
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│ └── series_(2010)_s01e04-brd_un.mkv
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│ └── series_(2010)_s01e04-brd_un.en.srt
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└── season_2
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├── series_(2010)_s02e01-dvd_un.mkv
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└── series_(2010)_s02e02-dvd_un.mkv
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```
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### Getting Metadata
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Using [MediaInfo](https://github.com/MediaArea/MediaInfo) metadata of a file can be obtained.
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A command for this looks like the following.
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In this the file to obtain metadata to is assumed to be `video.mkv`.
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```sh
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mediainfo video.mkv
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```
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