linux: added proxmox major version upgrade guide

wiki/linux/debian.md

@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ cat /etc/os-release
 
 ### Upgrading to a Higher Major Version
 
+The first step for a major upgrade usually is
+[retrieving the current version](#retrieve-debian-version) to check the version that should be
+installed.
+
 If the user of the system to perform a major version upgrade on is using [Docker](/wiki/docker.md)
 some additional steps have to be taken before the upgrade.
 It is generally recommended to hold the Docker upgrade and performing it later.
@@ -26,8 +30,6 @@ For this reason the following command has to be run first.
 apt-mark hold docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
 ```
 
-The first step for a major upgrade usually is
-[retrieving the current version](#retrieve-debian-version).
 Afterward the packages of the current major release version have to be
 [upgrading](/wiki/linux/package_manager/apt.md#updating-upgrading) using APTs `full-upgrade`
 option.

wiki/linux/package_manager.md

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ Package managers are important programs to get software onto your system.
 The following is a list of package managers and the corresponding [Linux](/wiki/linux.md)
 distributions.
 
-- [Debian](/wiki/linux/debian.md) and Debian-based distributions use the 
+- [Debian](/wiki/linux/debian.md) and Debian-based distributions like
-  [APT](/wiki/linux/package_manager/apt.md) package manager
+  [Proxmox](/wiki/linux/proxmox.md) use the [APT](/wiki/linux/package_manager/apt.md) package
+  manager.
 - [Arch Linux](/wiki/linux/arch-linux.md) and Arch-based distributions use
   [Pacman]() and various managers for the AUR.

wiki/linux/proxmox.md

@@ -1,8 +1,103 @@
 # Proxmox
 
-Proxmox is an environment for virtual machines and containers.
+[Proxmox](https://proxmox.com/) is an environment for virtual machines and containers.
+It is based on [Debian](/wiki/linux/debian.md) and uses the package manager
+[APT](/wiki/linux/package_manager/apt.md).
 
-## Disk Management
+## Usage
+
+This section addresses the usage of Proxmox specific tasks.
+
+### Retrieve PVE Version
+
+The current version of the Proxmox Virtual Environment can be retrieved by running the following
+command.
+
+```sh
+pveversion
+```
+
+### Upgrading to a Higher Major Version
+
+The first step for a major upgrade usually is
+[retrieving the current version](#retrieve-pve-version) to check the version that should be
+installed.
+
+The way of updating Proxmox is very similar to [Debian](/wiki/linux/debian.md) since it is also
+based on it.
+However there are some differences.
+Therefore it is described here in detail.
+
+If the user of the system to perform a major version upgrade on is using [Docker](/wiki/docker.md)
+some additional steps have to be taken before the upgrade.
+It is generally recommended to hold the Docker upgrade and performing it later.
+For this reason the following command has to be run first.
+
+```sh
+apt-mark hold docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
+```
+
+First the packages of the current major release version have to be
+[upgrading](/wiki/linux/package_manager/apt.md#updating-upgrading) using APTs `full-upgrade`
+option.
+Then a reboot is recommended.
+
+At this point the state of the system can be checked this can be done by a special Proxmox command.
+Depending on the version the system is on the command may differ.
+If the system is for example running PVE 8 (based on [Debian 12](/wiki/linux/debian.md)) then the
+following command can be used.
+Similar commands exist for other versions (for example `pve7to8`).
+
+```
+pve8to9
+```
+
+This will check if the current state of the system is ready for the major version upgrade.
+It is not recommended to continue with errors or without running these checks
+
+Now APT needs to be assigned new sources.
+This can be done by editing the file `/etc/apt/sources.list` and replacing everything within with
+the new sources.
+For PVE 8 - which corresponds to Debians 12th version called bookworm - this lines to add are the
+following.
+
+```txt
+deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free
+deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free
+deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free
+```
+
+On Proxmox there are two additional source lists that need to be changed.
+
+The first one is located at `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-no-subscription.list` and should look
+similar to the following.
+
+```txt
+deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve bookworm pve-no-subscription
+```
+
+The list placed at `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-enterprise.list` should be commented out entirely
+if the system is not running the enterprise version.
+
+Following this a [full upgrade](/wiki/linux/package_manager/apt.md#updating-upgrading) has to be
+performed.
+Sometimes this process asks if the user wants to replace the local configuration files with newer
+ones.
+It is generally recommended to select `N` and reject these new configurations.
+
+Finally another reboot is needed and the version number can be
+[checked again](#retrieve-pve-version) confirming that the major version upgrade was
+successfully performed.
+
+When the system ran Docker and its upgrade was put on hold as described at the start of this
+section the following commands have to be run to finalize the major upgrade, take Docker from the
+hold list and upgrade it.
+
+```sh
+apt-mark unhold docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
+apt update
+apt install --only-upgrade docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
+```
 
 ### Adding a LVM to Proxmox
 
@@ -12,7 +107,7 @@ Then add the LVM via the web-interface.
 Select Datacenter and Storage. The `Add` and choose `LVM`.
 After that follow the instructions and fill in the fields to your liking.
 
-### Enlarging disk of a VM
+### Enlarging Disk of a VM
 
 Make sure there is enough disk space available.
 For further information see [the disk management article](./disk-management.md)
@@ -39,7 +134,7 @@ can be referenced for LVM systems.
 After that grow the filesystem in the vm as described in
 [the disk management article](/wiki/linux/disk-management.md#growing-a-file-system).
 
-## Remove local-lvm and add its size to local
+### Remove Local-LVM and Add Its Size to Local
 
 First remove `local-lvm` with `lvremove /dev/pve/data`.
 Then remove `local-lvm` in the proxmox gui via `Datacenter/Storage/Remove`.
@@ -47,9 +142,7 @@ Change the `Content` of the remaining storage according to your needs.
 Add the free storage to the remaining storage with `lvresize -rl +100%FREE /dev/pve/root`.
 Finally extend the filesystem `resize2fs /dev/mapper/pve-root`.
 
-## VM passthrough
+### USB Passthrough
-
-### USB passthrough
 
 On the host system find the usb you're looking to pass through with
 
@@ -69,14 +162,14 @@ for example
 qm set 101 -usb0 host=aaaa:8816
 ```
 
-### PCI/GPU passthrough
+### PCI/GPU Passthrough
 
 To use GPUs or other PCI devices you need to work with PCI passthrough.
 For documentation you can look in the [Proxmox wiki](https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Pci_passthrough).
 There is also an [article](https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/b5xpua/the_ultimate_beginners_guide_to_gpu_passthrough)
 on reddit, that focusses especially on windows 10 VMs with GPU passthrough.
 
-### Increasing backup-limit of Proxmox storage
+### Increasing Backup-Limit of Proxmox Storage
 
 The default limit for backup is 1.
 This is a bit too low.
@@ -88,7 +181,7 @@ your liking.
 
 This section addresses various errors that can happen when using Proxmox.
 
-### No internet after mainboard swap
+### No Internet After Mainboard Swap
 
 If you change the mainboard of your proxmox-virtual-environment it is possible,
 that the NIC changes.