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# File Systems
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File systems control how data on a drive is stored.
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- [NTFS](./ntfs.md) is a proprietary file system used by Windows
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- [Samba](./samba.md) is free windows interoperability software that is not a
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classic file system can be mounted so it will be mentioned here
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## Mounting
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Mounting a file system makes the files of it accessible to the user.
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The command `mount` is used to manually and temporarily mount file systems.
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Automatic mounting is done by changing the file `/etc/fstab`.
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The exact guide on how to mount specific file systems can be found in their
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respecitive wiki entries.
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The following describes the general basics of mounting temporarily and
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persistently.
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The basic mount command for temporarily accessing a file system is the
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following:
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`mount <path to partition> <path to mount point>`
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All partitions can be found at `/dev` and the standard mount point is `/mnt` and
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its subfolders.
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For automatic mounting the following line has to be adapted and added to the
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file `/etc/fstab`
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`<specified partition> <path to mount point> <file system> <additional options> <dump flag> <fsck order>`
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The partition can be specified by UUID - which can be found at
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`/dev/disk/by-uuid` or other identifiers aswell as the simple path to it (for
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example `/dev/sda1`).
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The file system varies and a file system specific guide on how to mount them
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can be found in their respective entries.
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The dump flag signals if the file system should be dumped.
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The `fsck` order signals if a file system should be checked at boot.
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Boot partitions should be flagged with a `1` for this reason, otherwise `0`.
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# NTFS
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NTFS is the proprietary [file system](./filesystems.md) of Windows.
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## Setup
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For the usage of NTFS file systems the `ntfs-3g` package - available on most
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distributions - has to be installed.
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## Usage
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### Manual Mounting
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Partitions using [NTFS] can be mounted on Linux based operating systems by
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running the following command:
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`mount -t ntfs-3g -o loop <path to partition> <path to mount point>`.
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If the partition to mount is bootable or contains a windows system the
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hibernation and fast boot have to be disabled to mount the partition with write
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access.
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### Automatic Mounting
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For the usage of NTFS file systems the `ntfs-3g` package - available on most
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distributions - has to be installed.
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To automount partitions with NTFS the following line has to be adapted and added
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to `/etc/fstab`:
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`<specified partition> <path to mount point> ntfs-3g nofail,windows_names,big_writes 0 0`
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If the partition to mount is bootable or contains a windows system the
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hibernation and fast boot have to be disabled to mount the partition with write
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access.
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# Samba
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[Samba](../samba.md) is the standard Windows interoperability suite for linux
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and unix.
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## Usage
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### Manual Mounting
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The mounting of Samba shares requires a package containing `mount.cifs` in many
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distributions packaged in the `cifs-utils` package to be installed.
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Samba shares then can be mounted by adapting and running the following example:
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`mount -t cifs //<server address>/<share name> <path to mount point> -o username=<username>,password=<password>`
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### Automatic Mounting
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The mounting of Samba shares requires a package containing `mount.cifs` in many
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distributions packaged in the `cifs-utils` package to be installed.
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To automount Samba shares the following line has to be adapted and added
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to `/etc/fstab`:
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`//<server address>/<share name> <path to mountpoint> cifs,nofail credentials=<path to authentication file> 0 0`.
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An authentication file looks like the following:
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```txt
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username=<username>
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password=<password>
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```
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# Samba
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[Samba](https://www.samba.org/) is a free software implementation of the SMB
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protocol which provides file and print services.
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Samba is the standard Windows interoperability suite for Linux and Unix.
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## Setup
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The software can be setup via docker with the
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[samba image](./docker-images/samba.md).
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## Usage
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For the Linux based operating systems the handling of Samba shares is taken care
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of by [mount.cifs](./linux/samba.md).
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