python: added installation and vim support

wiki/programming-languages/python.md

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+# Python
+
+[Python](https://www.python.org) is an interpreted general-purpose programming
+language.
+
+## Installation
+
+You can install python using various ways.
+With `pyenv` you can switch between different versions.
+Install `pyenv` and `pyenv-virtualenv` and proceed with adding
+
+```txt
+export PATH=${HOME}/.pyenv/bin:$PATH
+eval "$(pyenv init -)"
+eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
+```
+
+to your `~/.profile`.
+You can then set and install your preferred version of python globally with
+`pyenv install <version>` and `pyenv global <version>`.
+
+Analog to managing python versions, `pipenv` can manage pip and package versions.
+
+### Avoid Errors in Vim
+
+Make sure to add
+
+```vimscript
+let g:python_host_prog = "/usr/bin/python2"
+let g:python3_host_prog = "/usr/bin/python3"
+```
+
+to your `init.vim` to avoid usage of `pyenv`s version of python in autocompletion.
+
+## IDE
+
+### Vim
+
+The steps to make Vim a python IDE are described in
+[the vim section of this wiki](../linux/vim/python.md).