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wiki/music.md → wiki/audio.md
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@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
# Music
# Audio
Music is nice to have on your system.
There are multiple different approaches on how to get it working depending on
your needs.
In general you need to consider if you want the music directly on your pc or
access a server for it.
Music and audiobooks is nice to have on your system.
There are multiple different approaches on how to get it working on your system
depending on your needs.
This entry describes how to handle audio data.
## Server/Client
## Media software
If you want to keep your system clean of much data, you can use this kind of setup.
There are differences depending on your preffered software interface.
@ -14,15 +13,24 @@ There are differences depending on your preffered software interface.
- [Airsonic](./airsonic.md) is a free fork of Subsonic, can be dockerized and has
a web-interface and multiple possible client options.
## Scan CDs
## Audio codecs
An audio codec is an encoding of an audio file.
There are lossy and lossless codecs, the latter not compromising quality for
smaller file sizes.
Following is a list of codecs written about in this wiki:
- [flac](./flac_(codec).md) is a lossless codec
## Extract audio files from CDs
You can convert your CDs to files on your computer.
This way you don't have to search for your CDs all the time.
- [Exact Audio Copy](https://www.exactaudiocopy.de) for windows can rip music
and automatically tag it with the help of a list of databases.
- [metaflac](./linux/flac.md) for linux is a programm
to edit the tags of flac files from the command line.
- [metaflac](./linux/flac_(package).md) for linux is a programm
to edit the tags of [flac](./flac_(codec).md) files from the command line.
It is bundled in the `flac` package for debian and arch based systems.
- [MusicBrainz Picard](./picard.md) for linux is a
graphical user interface for tagging files of many different formats.
@ -40,7 +48,12 @@ If additional information for an album is needed, visit
Discogs has tracklists, dates and more information to nearly all versions of
albums and singles.
## Working with flac files on Linux
## Naming convention
It is suggest to place the audio files in a directory named after the album they
belong to.
These album directories are placed in directories named after the album artist.
Files can be named in the following scheme:
If you are on a Linux system and have flac files to work with visit
[the flac entry](./linux/flac.md).
- music: `[<discnumber>.]<tracknumber>._<artist>_-_<title>`
- audiobooks: `[<discnumber>.]<tracknumber>._<artist>_-_<album>_<tracknumber>`

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wiki/flac_(codec).md
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# flac (Codec)
This article describes the `flac` codec.
For the linux `flac` package see the
[flac package entry](./linux/flac_(package).md)
`flac` - short for Free Lossless Audio Codec - is a [audio](./audio.md) codec
without compression losses.
## Tagging
The following explains the most general tags in short.
- `title` is the name of the music piece.
- `artist` is the artist of the song - for classical music it is the composer.
- `album` is the name of the album.
- `tracknumber` is the number of the music piece in the album
- `date` is the year of publication
- `albumartist` is the artist that made the album
- `discnumber` is the disc number of the music piece in the album
- `genre` is the genre of the music piece
- `totaldiscs` is the amount of discs of the album
- `totaltracks` is the amount of tracks in the disc of the music piece
- `front` is an image of the front cover
- `performer` is used in classical music and defines the artist that
played the piece. In audiobooks it can be used to signal the reader of the
book.

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@ -13,132 +13,3 @@ You can add IP-TV under `Live TV` in the administration panel.
To include a m3u IP-TV stream just put the file on the server or copy its URL
and add it under `Live TV`.
After that make sure to setup `DVR` to your liking to record.
## Naming schemes of movies and TV shows
This section describes how to name and how to place movies and TV shows and
their extras in the directories correctly to get jellyfin to recognize them.
In
[the jellyfin tv shows documentation](https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/server/media/shows.html)
and
[the jellyfin movie documentation](https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/server/media/movies.html)
are sections on how to name files correctly.
This entry uses the conventions based in the documentation and introduces
slight changes to indicate different versions and encodings more precisely.
### Handling movies or episodes consisting of multiple video files
Jellyfin does not have the capability to seamlessly transition between multiple
files of a movie or episode.
The easiest way to achieve a seamless movie experience is to concatenate the two
movie files.
This can be done with
[ffmpeg](./linux/ffmpeg.md#concatenate-multiple-video-files-with-matching-audio-tracks).
### Naming Subtitles of movies or tv shows
Subtitles can be written into video files.
If that is the case an additional naming of the file is not needed.
This section especially targets `.srt` files but the naming conventions
translate to other file types aswell.
Files containing subtitles are named the same as the video file they relate to
The only difference is the file extension.
After the name of the file the language of the subtitles is indicated by the
two-letter language code specified by
[ISO 639-1](https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=255291).
For example `.en` is added to specify the english language.
After that `.forced` can be added, if the subtitles are forced.
Lastly the file extension `.srt` is appended.
The complete subtitle file look like this:
`movie_(1234)_-_brd_uu.en.forced.srt`.
Additionally to indicate the encoding and source can be indicated before the
file extension.
`brd` for Blu-ray disc, `dvd` for digital versatile disc.
This is followed by an encoding indicator starting with `u` and followed by
your own scheme for encodings.
### Naming extras
The following list are set expressions for extras of movies and tv shows.
These will be used in the following sections on how to name
[movies](#naming-movies) and
[tv shows](#naming-tv-shows).
For the exact use of them look into these sections.
- `behind_the_scenes`
- `deleted_scenes`
- `extras` (generic catch all for extras of an unknown type)
- `featurettes`
- `interviews`
- `samples`
- `scenes`
- `shorts`
- `trailers`
### Naming movies
In the following slight changes are made to ensure better naming schemes.
Different versions of the same movie can be stored in the same folder with
slightly different names to indicate the specific version.
Inside the movie folder you can create subfolders with names according to the
expressions for extras from the [extras section](#naming-extras).
The `movies` folder is a folder containing all movies.
An example looks like the following:
```
movies
└── best_movie_ever_(2019)
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu.mp4
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu.en.forced.srt
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_dvd_u1.mp4
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_u1.en.srt
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_un_directors_cut.mp4
├── behind_the_scenes
│ ├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu_making_of.mp4
│ ├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu_making_of.en.srt
│ └── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu_finding_the_right_score.mp4
├── interviews
│ └── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_u1_director_interview.mp4
└── extras
└── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_dvd_un_home_recreation.mp4
```
Another way to keep extras in the main folder of the movie is by adding the
following suffixes to the files accordingly:
### Naming TV shows
Inside the shows folder you can create the `season_00` folder as a directory
for extras.
Files containing multiple episodes at once are named by specifying the first
and last episode they include `s01e01-e02`.
Because of the heavily varying the titles of the episodes are not included.
Specify the extras inside the `season_0` folder with the expressions from
[the extras section](#naming-extras).
The `shows` folder is a folder containing all tv shows.
An example looks like the following.
```
shows
└── series_(2010)
├── season_0
│ ├── series_-_behind_the_scenes_brd_uu.mkv
│ ├── series_-_name_interview_brd_uu.mkv
│ └── series_-_featurette_dvd_un.mkv
│
├── season_1
│ ├── series_-_s01e01-e02_dvd_un.mkv
│ ├── series_-_s01e01-e02_dvd_un.de.srt
│ ├── series_-_s01e03_brd_un.mkv
│ ├── series_-_s01e03_brd_un.de.forced.srt
│ └── series_-_s01e04_brd_un.mkv
│ └── series_-_s01e04_brd_un.en.srt
└── season_2
├── series_-_s02e01_dvd_un.mkv
└── series_-_s02e02_dvd_un.mkv
```

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wiki/linux/flac.md
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@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
# Flac
`flac` - short for Free Lossless Audio Codec - is a audio codec without
compression losses.
On most distributions it is bundled together with the tagging software
`metaflac` and other auxiliary tools in the `flac` package.
## Splitting Flac file according to cue file
An easy way to split flac files according to a cue file is using
`cuebreakpoints` and `shnsplit`.
On most distributions they are in a package with the same name.
The following line of shell command splits a flac file according to a cue file.
The `-o` tag specifies the output file format.
```sh
cuebreakpoints '<cue file>' | shnsplit -o flac '<audio flac file>'
```
## Tagging
For tagging go to the [MusicBrainz Picard entry](../picard.md).

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wiki/linux/flac_(package).md
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@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
# flac (Package)
This article describes the `flac` package on linux.
For the audio codec see the [flac entry](../flac_(codec).md)
`flac` is a package to work with the [flac codec](../flac_(codec).md).
On most distributions it is bundled together with the command line tagging
software `metaflac` and other auxiliary tools in the `flac` package.
Another possible tagging software is [MusicBrainz Picard](../picard.md)
## Splitting Flac file according to cue file
An easy way to split flac files according to a cue file is using
`cuebreakpoints` and `shnsplit`.
On most distributions they are in a package with the same name.
The following line of shell command splits a flac file according to a cue file.
The `-o` tag specifies the output file format.
```sh
cuebreakpoints '<cue file>' | shnsplit -o flac '<audio flac file>'
```

37
wiki/picard.md
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@ -1,15 +1,22 @@
# Picard
[MusicBrainz Picard](https://picard.musicbrainz.org/) is a free cross-platform
tagging software for music.
tagging software for [music or other audio files](./audio.md).
It is able to tag a wide range of [audio codecs](./audio.md#audio-codecs)
[flac](./flac_(codec).md) among others.
## File naming
To enable the file renaming on saving check `Rename files when saving` in the preferences
To enable the file renaming on saving check `Rename files when saving` in the
preferences.
Under `Options` you can `Open file naming script editor` to change the script.
The tags described used are based on the audio codec.
In this section it is assumed the standard
[flac tags](./flac_(codec).md#tagging) are used as described in this wiki.
### Music
The following is a basic script for renaming files to the scheme
The following is a basic script for renaming music files to the scheme
`[<discnumber>.]<tracknumber>._<artist>_-_<title>`
all in lower case.
discnumber is only added, when the total disc count is greater than 1.
@ -25,6 +32,8 @@ $num(%tracknumber%,$if($gt($len(%totaltracks%),2),$len(%totaltracks%),2))._
%title%), ,_)
```
### Audiobooks
Another Script is mainly used for audiobooks, where the title is not part of
the filename to avoid confusion.
The files are renamed with the scheme
@ -41,23 +50,3 @@ $num(%tracknumber%,$if($gt($len(%totaltracks%),2),$len(%totaltracks%),2))._
%album%), ,_)_
$num(%tracknumber%,$if($gt($len(%totaltracks%),2),$len(%totaltracks%),2))
```
## Tagging
The following explains the most general tags in short.
These are the recommended tags, that are in part used by the script for
renaming the files.
- `title` is the name of the music piece.
- `artist` is the artist of the song - for classical music it is the composer.
- `album` is the name of the album.
- `tracknumber` is the number of the music piece in the album
- `date` is the year of publication
- `albumartist` is the artist that made the album
- `discnumber` is the disc number of the music piece in the album
- `genre` is the genre of the music piece
- `totaldiscs` is the amount of discs of the album
- `totaltracks` is the amount of tracks in the disc of the music piece
- `front` is an image of the front cover
- `performer` is only used in classical music and defines the artist that
played the piece.

130
wiki/video.md
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@ -39,3 +39,133 @@ This way you don't have to search for your discs all the time.
for linux can extract subtitles from a `.mkv` file and do ocr.
- [VidCoder](https://vidcoder.net) for windows can compress `.mkv` files. Its an adapted version of the HandBrake software.
- [HandBrake]([https://vidcoder.net](https://handbrake.fr/)) for linux can compress `.mkv` files.
## Naming schemes of movies and TV shows
This section describes how to name and how to place movies and TV shows and
their extras in the directories correctly to get [jellyfin](./jellyfin.md) and
other software media systems to recognize them.
In
[the jellyfin tv shows documentation](https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/server/media/shows.html)
and
[the jellyfin movie documentation](https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/server/media/movies.html)
are sections on how to name files correctly.
This entry uses the conventions based in the documentation and introduces
slight changes to indicate different versions and encodings more precisely.
### Handling movies or episodes consisting of multiple video files
Some software media systems do not have the capability to seamlessly transition
between multiple files of a movie or episode.
The easiest way to achieve a seamless movie experience is to concatenate the
two movie files.
This can be easily done with
[ffmpeg](./linux/ffmpeg.md#concatenate-multiple-video-files-with-matching-audio-tracks).
### Naming Subtitles of movies or tv shows
Subtitles can be written into video files.
If that is the case an additional naming of the file is not needed.
This section especially targets `.srt` files but the naming conventions
translate to other file types aswell.
Files containing subtitles are named the same as the video file they relate to
The only difference is the file extension.
After the name of the file the language of the subtitles is indicated by the
two-letter language code specified by
[ISO 639-1](https://iso639-3.sil.org/code_tables/639/data?title=&field_iso639_cd_st_mmbrshp_639_1_tid=255291).
For example `.en` is added to specify the english language.
After that `.forced` can be added, if the subtitles are forced.
Lastly the file extension `.srt` is appended.
The complete subtitle file look like this:
`movie_(1234)_-_brd_uu.en.forced.srt`.
Additionally to indicate the encoding and source can be indicated before the
file extension.
`brd` for Blu-ray disc, `dvd` for digital versatile disc.
This is followed by an encoding indicator starting with `u` and followed by
your own scheme for encodings.
### Naming extras
The following list are set expressions for extras of movies and tv shows.
These will be used in the following sections on how to name
[movies](#naming-movies) and
[tv shows](#naming-tv-shows).
For the exact use of them look into these sections.
- `behind_the_scenes`
- `deleted_scenes`
- `extras` (generic catch all for extras of an unknown type)
- `featurettes`
- `interviews`
- `samples`
- `scenes`
- `shorts`
- `trailers`
### Naming movies
In the following slight changes are made to ensure better naming schemes.
Different versions of the same movie can be stored in the same folder with
slightly different names to indicate the specific version.
Inside the movie folder you can create subfolders with names according to the
expressions for extras from the [extras section](#naming-extras).
The `movies` folder is a folder containing all movies.
An example looks like the following:
```
movies
└── best_movie_ever_(2019)
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu.mp4
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu.en.forced.srt
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_dvd_u1.mp4
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_u1.en.srt
├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_un_directors_cut.mp4
├── behind_the_scenes
│ ├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu_making_of.mp4
│ ├── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu_making_of.en.srt
│ └── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_uu_finding_the_right_score.mp4
├── interviews
│ └── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_brd_u1_director_interview.mp4
└── extras
└── best_movie_ever_(2019)_-_dvd_un_home_recreation.mp4
```
Another way to keep extras in the main folder of the movie is by adding the
following suffixes to the files accordingly:
### Naming TV shows
Inside the shows folder you can create the `season_00` folder as a directory
for extras.
Files containing multiple episodes at once are named by specifying the first
and last episode they include `s01e01-e02`.
Because of the heavily varying the titles of the episodes are not included.
Specify the extras inside the `season_0` folder with the expressions from
[the extras section](#naming-extras).
The `shows` folder is a folder containing all tv shows.
An example looks like the following.
```
shows
└── series_(2010)
├── season_0
│ ├── series_-_behind_the_scenes_brd_uu.mkv
│ ├── series_-_name_interview_brd_uu.mkv
│ └── series_-_featurette_dvd_un.mkv
│
├── season_1
│ ├── series_-_s01e01-e02_dvd_un.mkv
│ ├── series_-_s01e01-e02_dvd_un.de.srt
│ ├── series_-_s01e03_brd_un.mkv
│ ├── series_-_s01e03_brd_un.de.forced.srt
│ └── series_-_s01e04_brd_un.mkv
│ └── series_-_s01e04_brd_un.en.srt
└── season_2
├── series_-_s02e01_dvd_un.mkv
└── series_-_s02e02_dvd_un.mkv
```

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